Pusher



1949- s. B. MARTIN 2,479,076

PUSHER 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 16, 1945 INVENTOR. I sroppA ED B-MAIETl/V ATTOENEW Aug. 16, 1949. I 5, -rm 2,479,076

' PUSHER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 16, 1945 INVENTOR. STQDD/UED .B- MART/N ATTORNEYS Patented Aug. 16, 1949 umrsospires PATENT 23mm ld mariii t izi efgand, Qh io; gash 5g N ional Bank.9, d a d Martin. al-ct J! Martin Application'June 16,

Cleveland. cl bqil l f f Said ec as d, 'ass gnor to. Mar- 1945, serial so. his:

2 Claims. (01. tie-t)- 'This invention relates to pushers for automatic screw machines. and the like. i

Th spindle of an mati screw machin is ordinarily a hollow tube surrounding a collet tube which carries a eollet-to grip and rotate a bar of stock fed axially therethrough. Atthe end of each cycle of operations oi, the machine, the projecting end of stock is cut off from the bar, the collet opens, a new l ngthier stock is fed forwardly andthe collet is again closed to rip the'stock and repeatthe cy le of op ations. ordinarily fed forward by a push r-feedfinger carried by a; reciprocating pusher tubev disposed within the collet tube. 1

I i desirable to con tru t the pusher as a master pusher; bushings which can be assembled into.v a single shell to grip stookof various sizes. Many ditficulties have been encountered however, with such constructions. It is diflicult to mount the removable pads or pushing in place in the pusher V v are easily removed and replaced andsecurely held in position during op;- eration, and so thatthe fastening means. does not; subtract from the limited space available within the p d I mum size of stockthat maybe used in the machine. It is also desirable in some machines and with some classes of work to provide means, for

increasing the grip of, the pusher on the feeding stroke, so possible without marring the bar or excessiv ly wearing thebearing surfaoes of the pusher during the retracting stroke.

Ihe principal object I is to mount removable bushings pusher memberinsuch a manner that the bushings are securely held in position during opera tion of the machine and at he same time may in a tubular be readily removed and replaced by a simple,

manual manipulation and without the aid of any special tools. Other objects are to im rove the gripping characteristics of removable bushingsforpushers; to obtainat thesame time a wedging gripping action on the .feeding stroke, a secure fastening I place and ease of removing andreplacing the bushing; and to avoid limiting the, maximum diameter of the machine,

Other objects and stock that maybe used in'the advantages and the manner that i with removable pads or that. accurateand positive feeding i of. the present invention of the removablebllshing in collet tube and; thus limit the maxi in which all the various: objects are realized will 7 appear in the following description of embodimentsof the-invention. Y In the accompanying drawings:

preferred wall-of. the

Fig. 1 isa view, pusherembcdviria hepresentinventi n;. 1 Fla .2 is a nsi udin section ta en substantially on the line Z alot. la 1;

Fig. 3 is an onthelihe 3 r3,.oil?l i v, Fla. e is vie in sidee evetioa of the. bushine removed from. thspushershell; Fig. 5 is an, end elevation. of the bushing hown Fle-,..4;. ;.1. .7 t .7 a l Fi 6 is a vi w side elevation as me what difierent form of: pus er emb dy-ins the presentinvention;,., v is s .Eig'. I is a longitudinal: s ctiontak nsubs am tially on the line T- -l of lie'i t. J 1 vFig; 8 is an end elevation: taken on the line 8458 ofFig,6; L t I .l of. the pusher shownlinFig. 6 with the stock removed andthe bushing returned to beginremoval of the bushinefrom the shell:v .Fig; 10 is. a cross section taken; on the line lu-alllvofliigfll v Fig; 11 is a side elevation of the bushing of Fig; Gremoved'from the shell; .Fig. 12 is: an endelevation taken on the line lza llof Fig. 1-1; and. t. V Y r Fig, .13 is a ide levationof a shell embody n a further modihcetim... I. v J sReierring first t 'the embodimen sho n Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, the reference numeral l5 desi nates a she lihavi a threaded and 6 adapted to be se ured at ube. The shell is formed with a pa r or. or positely. disposed aper ures .1 but th u h the shell to cooperate with holdin means on the bushin The com at the shell is; preferably tapered outwa dly as im dicattfl at If}.

v; A bu h n on' to be f d. clothe form shown in I he bushing-has a bore 21 to sl ci s k. tub ted nd a eoun e bcr 22 at its rear end formin a tubular sprin portion 23 which may be of any provide "the. corr ct sprin tension. The bushns 2.0 is out completely thro gh by a longitu dinal slot. 24 and has slo 25, 26 and i estench ns nt the s m from its i ont end andtermihating short of the rear end. Th o gh he m jor portionoiits length the exterior surface of the bush 2 s p efe a vcy ipd i el a d o: be re i ed witbint bushi g 1 forward endv theexterior surface vtapers wardly as indicated at, 28 to cooperate with the N a i s end elevation of the taken the sad of a p sher the for a d enact thickness desired to out-i front end of the shell action.

The slots 24 and 25 are arranged relatively close to each other, as are the slots 2-6 and 2?, so that the front end of the bushing embodies relatively narrow segments 30 and 3| separated by wider segments 32 and 33. The segments 33 and 3| are provided with radially projecting lugs 34 adapted to fit Within the openings I? in the shell.

The bushing 20 is steel or the like taking a spring temper. After being bored and machined the slots 24, 25, 26 and 21 are cut in the bushing. Thereafter the spring portion 23 is closed in slightly and the segments 32 and 33 are bent towards each other, the segments 30 and I and produce a wedging the spring portion 23 temper. The bushing shape given to it begether sufficiently to permit the lugs 34 to enter the open end of the shell I5, and the bushing is then simply slipped rearwardly into the shell. When the lugs 34 are in alignment with the opening I1 the segments 30 and 3| are released stock S is inserted in the pusher the segments 32 and 33 are forced outwardly so that each of the segments of the bushing occupies substantially its original position, the segments 32 and 33 resiliently gripping the of the opening I1 engage the forward edges of the lugs 34 and slide the bushing rearwardly over the stock S against the tension of the segments 32 and 33. On the forward or feeding stroke the shell I5 moves forwardly or to the right as shown embodiment the stock is intended to be rotated in a clockwise direction as viewed from the rear end of the pusher tube, or the left hand end as preferably constructed of 1 capable of being hardened and shell I5 and the pusher tube.

To permit the bar of stock to be removed from the machine when desired the side edges of the openings I1 opposite the edges 35 are formed with notches 36 adapted to receive the lugs 34. When it is desired to remove the bar the rear end may be grasped and rotated in a counter clockwise direction to bring the lugs 34 into the recesses 36. The stock can then be pulled rearof the segments 32 and 33, the engagement of the lugs 34 in the recesses 36 preventing the tapered surfaces 25 from being pulled into wedging engagement with the forward end I8 of the shell.

To remove the bushing from the shell it is merely necessary to remove the stock S, grip the narrow segments 30 and 3| with the fingers and force them together a sufiicient distance to permit the lugs 34 to clear the forward edges of the openings IT. The bushing can then be slipped forwardly out of the shell.

It will be understood that a plurality of bushings having various sized bores 2| may be promaintained or the same di- In the form of the invention shown in Figs. 6 to 12, inclusive, the shell H5 is provided with openings I I 1 positioned I33. The segments I30 and |3| are formed with lugs I34 at machined to shape and the slots I24, I25, I26 and I21 are cut therein. Thereafter the spring section I23 is closed in, the wide segments I 32 and I33 are bent toward gree of hardness and drawn to a spring temper.

To assemble the bushing |2| in the shell 5 the rear ends of the segments I30 and |3| are pressed together with the fingers until the lugs I34 will enter the forward end of the shell I I5.

amet illie-bushing is then pushed rearwardhr in the sheik until the lugs: I-;3!I rsnap into the openings --L-W en-a1length of st cl -issinsertcd in the pusher the: segments 1:32: and .I 33 areiforced utwardly and provide a spring m? up n h ck. 11 edin the shell-H 5.: is advanced until its forwardedge l ia engagesthe tapcredsurface m; wedging all: orthe; segments onto the stools as in'theembodimentshown in-Eigs. lite 5; T Th enin s. I larernrov ded with lateral. reeesses; I36 which "funetienilike-tho recesses of th h I5 in permitting removal "of the stock while preventing engagement of the wedgi ngrsurfaces I' I 3'and =-I2;8.- "llherecesses I36 also cooperate in the removal of the bushing from the shell and for this purpose*one" izif the recesses I36 is slightly deeper than the other. As. shown. in Figs." 9 and I0, when it is desired to'r emov'e' the bushing from the shell the stock" is'firstremovfed from the bushing and tii-e bushing is turned to bring the lugs I34 into the recesses I36. One of the lugs I34 engages the l teral edge of its recess 135 were the" other lug 1'34" is. still spaced-from ,e'dg'e of its recess I36? The first lug I34 is then pressed inwardly with alscrewidrivmf or with th finger'siuntilitwillslip. inside the shell H5 and discussing is further turned to bring the other 'lug7'l34 into" engagement with the lateral edge of itsrecss I 3'6f'as" shown in Fig. 10'. The remaining lug I34 is then pushed inwardly while the bushing is continued to be turned until both lugs are positioned within the shell, after which the bushing may be pulled out of the front end of the shell.

In other respects the operation of the form shown in Figs. 6 to 12 is substantially the same as that of the form shown in Figs. 1 to 5. The bore I2I is made of a size to fit one particular size of stock of the series of sizes to be accommodated by a single pusher. The spring section I23 is formed by a continuation of the bore I2I and is reduced in thickness to any desired extent by cutting away its exterior surface, as indicated at I31. Thus the spring tension may be maintained constant regardless of the stock to be gripped by a particular bushing. For stock of the maximum capacity of the machine the spring section I23 may be reduced but slightly, if any, from the external diameter of the bushing I20.

With this arrangement the spring tempered section I23 bears upon the stock at all times simultaneously with the hardened bore I2I. Excessive wear of the spring portion I23 is prevented by the hardened portion of the bore I2I. However, the spring portion I23 is capable of gripping the final end of a length of stock with sufficient force to feed the same as long as any portion of the stock remains within the bushing. When the last portion of the stock has been gripped by the collet and the bushing slips off of the same on the next retracting stroke the spring section I23 is then aligned with the end of the piece of stock and engages and pushes the same out of the collet on the next feeding stroke. Thus this arrangement minimizes waste of the short end of the bar without danger of jamming the feed mechanism.

On some types of machines it has been found that when the collet releases the stock and before the pusher advances on its feeding stroke there is a tendency for the stock to slow down in its rotation and for the pusher to overrun the stock. In such machines there is sometimes danger of the lugs I34 entering the recesses I36 on size of l openings Z-I a ainst the lu s nusherztube thenadvancesthe lugs move-rear? theqfeedin stroke so that the wedgingsurfaoes are heldbut of enga ement ,anduonly the resiliegtgrip of the bushing is availabletoc-feedtthc SIOHQ" J.

.Qnisuch machines this-difficulty c nbeay ided by th modification. shown in: Fi In this embodiment the shel Z15 .isrrovided with onnositely disposed openings ill to receive thellugs 3% or) 13.4; '.The. openin s 12 are provided with recesses 23.5411 their side edges-against which thelugsfisare. normally turned by the rotation of. the'stocle At their forward ends th recesses 23.6 are: ioined-tothe openings 2." by inclined d es-241i. V 1

With this; arrangement when the stools is gripped and: rotated by the collet'and the pusher tube is drawn-rearwardly on its retracting stroke the lugs; 3.4:ffirst Jtur-Ininto. the rece ses 2 3.6 and arietheni pulled biaclcinto the openings 2!! by the retracting force! and the enga ement 0 the lues'iillwith: the inc ined. edges 1250: When the eolletz isxopened'theistock b gin to decelerate afidathe: shell 1H5: tends to. overrun the sto k so as toibring the straight side edges 241 ofthe 3.2 -W,h. .n the the: penin s 21 alon th s raight edges. is! stdthatthezwedein surfaces may e brought into engagement. When it is desired to remove a bar of stock from the machine it is only necessary to grasp the bar, turn it to the right instead of to the left as in the embodiments previously described and, when the lugs have been engaged in the recesses 236, pull the bar rearwardly out of the machine. I

In each of the forms of bushing disclosed it will be apparent that the force required to deflect the lug carrying segments 30 and 3| or I30 and I3I may be regulated by varying the circumferential width of these segments. bushings can be constructed in all sizes so that they can be readily removed and replaced by simple manual manipulation. A circumferential width of about 45 is preferred for these segments 33, 3| and I30, I3I, but they may be wider with weaker spring sections. Preferably these segments are less than in width. Similarly in each of the embodiments disclosed the shell I5, H5 or 2I5 may be circumferentially continuous without danger of the bushing becoming separated from the shell when no stock is gripped in the pusher. This results from the fact that the lug carrying segments are bent outwardly from their normal contour so that they resiliently press against the inside of the shell and hold the lugs in the openings in the shell when no stock is gripped in the pusher. At the same time all of the segments act as stock gripping segments when the wedging surfaces engage on the feeding stroke. It will, of course, be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise number and arrangement of slots disclosed but that any desired slotting arrangement may be used which will retain the desired features of the invention. Many other modifications and rearrangements of parts may be resorted to without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

I claim:

1. A pusher comprising a tubular shell having an opening through the wall thereof and a bushing adapted to fit within said shell to grip stock to be fed, said bushing comprising a tubular member including a resilient portion and having a plurality of longitudinal slots extending inwardly wardly in:

from one end thereof forming aplurality of segmental portions integral with said resilient portion, one of said segmental bushing portions having a radially projecting lug adapted to fit within the opening in said shell, said one segmental portion being bent outwardly with respect to other of said I segmental portions so that said lug is retained in said opening when no stock is disposed within said bushing and other of said segmental portions being bent inwardly so as to form diametrically opposed surfaces that grip resiliently the stock to be fed, said shell and all of said segmental portions being formed with cooperating wedging surfaces adapted to engage when said shell moves in one direction with respect to said bushing to force all of said segmental portions inwardly against stock being fed.

' 2. In a pusher, a tubular shell having an opening through the wall thereof, a longitudinally split resilient bushing adapted to fit shell and to grip stock to be fed, said bushing of segmental gripping portions, two of said segmental portions being bent inwardly to form diaing in said shell and being bent outwardly from said bushing with respect to said first named segmental portions so as to maintain said lug positioned in said opening when no stock is disposed in said bushing, said split bushing having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of said shell with no stock in the bushing, said shell and all of said segmental portions being formed with cooperating wedging surfaces arranged to force said segmental portions radially inward against stock being fed'when said shell moves in one direction with respect to said bushing.

STODDARD B. MARTIN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 493,231 Muir Mar. 7, 1893 1,013,438 Pash Jan. 2, 1912 2,278,267 Holmes Mar. 31, 1942 2,299,972 Gallen et al. Oct. 27, 1942 2,341,744 Sheffer Feb. 15, 1944 2,343,364 Bochenek Mar. 7, 1944 2,363,890 Martin Nov. 28, 1944 

